Oscillation-control mechanism.



u. n. WILLIAMS & R. JANNEY OSGILLATION CONTROL MBGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1812.

1,062,561 r Patented May 20,1913.

6 SHEETE-SEEET 1.

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ATTORNEYS H. D, WILLIAMS & R. JANNEY.

OSCILLATION CONTROL MECHANISM.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 29, 1912 1 1,062,561 Patented May 20, 1913.

6 SHEETPSHEET 2.

fl f FT" m T1 n" m "n 45 u" i 55 35 35' 45 I 1 l l WITNESSES IIVVENTORSATTORNEYS H. D. WILLIAMS 62 R. JANNEY. OSOILLATION CONTROL MEGHANISM. IAPPLIUATIDH TILED JUNE 29, 1912. I 1 ,O62Q56 1 Patented May 20, 1913.

8 flHEETS-SHEET 5.

ATTORNEYS H. D. WILLIAMS & R. JANNEY.

osommou CONTROL mncmmsm.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 29, 1912. 1,062,561. Patented May 20,1913

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6v wrmissfwm/ Q I a g flaw?" ATTORNEYS .925.148 grantedto one of us (Harvey D] UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVEY D. WILLIAMS AND REYNOLD JAI NEY, OF NEW YORK, l\T.-Y.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Original application filed June 3, 1911, Serial No. 631,092. Divided andthis application filed June 29, 1 912.

' Serial No. 706,612.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, HARVEY D. (VIL- LIAMSand RnvNoLn JAitN-EY, both citizens of the United States, and residentsof the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Oscillation-ControlMechanism, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to devices for controlling or adjusting othermechanism and has special application for controlling or adjusting amachine part which is subjected to oscillating stresses or pulsations.In such cases the pulsations are utilized to effect or assist theadjustment of said part, and also to lock or hold it after adjustment.

Our invention inay be used in connection with rotary pumps of variabledischarge such as described as one of the members of a variable speedgear in Letters Patent No.

\Villiams) on June 15,1909. In this patented device, the discharge ofthe' pump can be varied by adjusting the inclination of a 1'0: tarytilting box or race which according to the angle it forms with a planeperpendicular to the shaft, gives a longer or shorter stroke'to the pumppistons. WVhen our present invention is utilized in connection with sucha device it acts to assist the manual operation of adjusting orinclining the tilting box, making this operation quicker and easier.Furthermore, it acts to'lock the tilting box in whatever position ithappens to be when the manual efiort for tilting ceases. These resultsare attained by utilizing, in the manner set forth hereinafter, certainchanges which occur during the opera-I tion of the apparatus, as regardsthe position of the center of pressure on the tilting box and the partssharing its adjustment.

The'present application is a division of our application, Serial Number631,092, filed June 3, 19 11 and discloses our invention as applied to apump mechanism such as is referred to above. It will be understoodhowever that our invention is in general. applicable to any mechanism apart of which is subjected to pulsationsor oscillae tionsand that whilewe have shown and described but one specific embodiment thereof. theinvention is capable of numerous changes I in arrangement andapplication such as may fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which F igure 1is a longitudinal vertical section of mechanism embodying our presentinvcntion; Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section, taken on line 22 ofFig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, upon a larger scale thanFigs. 1. and 2, and taken on line 33 of Fig. 41; Fig. 4 is a verticalsection on line 4% of Fig. 3; Figs. and 6 are details of the adjustingpiston, Fig. 5 being a cross section on line 5 5 of Fig. 6. Figs. 7 andS are vertical cross sections. on the plane indicated by the line 77 ofFig. 1, show ingthe cylinder barrel of the pump in two differentpositions, and Figs. 9 to 18 are diagrammatic views of the ports in thestationary valve plate and the ports of the cylinder barrel, Fig. 13being a partial View only.

In its general features, the pump represented in the accompanyingdrawings corresponds to the one forming part of the variable speed gearshown in the aforesaid Letters Patent No. 925,148, and a brlefdescriptlon of these generalteaturcs w1lltherefore suflice.

The standard 20 which carries the bearing 21 for the driveshatt 22,. isconnected rigidly or made integral with the closed casing or shell 23(provided with cooling ribs 24 to dissipate heat) connected with thestationary valve plate 25 on the standard 26.

The valve plate 25 has two segmental ports 27 and 28 one of which actsas a suction port and the other as a delivery port, these ports beingconnected with corresponding pipes or conduits 29 and 30 respectively.The

inner surface of the valve plate 25 isen gaged by a rotary barrel 31made with lon gitudinal cylinders 32 provided at the ends adjacent tothe valve plate, with contracted ports 33 (i. 6. ports smaller than thecylinder bore) arranged to register with the valve plate ports 27 and28. Preferably the latter ports are made with reduced extensions asshown at 34 in Figs. 9 to 12, for the purpose of equalizing the actionas set forth in said Patent No. 925,148. The barrel 31 is pressed towardthe valve plate 25 by two springs 35 engaging, at one end, a pin 36secured to the shaft 37 and at the other end the end walls oflongitudinal recesses 38 in the barkeys are beveled toward both ends sothat.

the'barrel may rock slightly to bring its con tact face into perfectengagement with the corresponding face of the valve plate 25.

The shaft 37 is journaled in the valve plate 25.

I In the cylinders 32 are adapted to reciprocate the pistons 48pivotally connected by rods 44 with a socket ring 4-5 provided with arace 42 running upon bearing balls 46 which engage a race 47 and-areheld properly spaced by a cage 48. Trunnions 49 located centrally in theplane of the socket ring 45, connect this ring with an intermediate ringor sleeve 50 pivotally connected with the shaft 22 by means of a pin 51located in the same plane withthetrunnions 49, but at a right angle tothe axis'ofsaid trunnions. At 52 we have indicated a reservoir fromwhich the pump may be filled at r the beginning of the operation, andwhich also serves as an expansion chamber for the oil as it becomesheated duringthe operation. A vent 52* places this chamber incommunication with the surrounding air. the bottom of the casing 23 weprovidea drain plug 53. The race 47 forms part of or is rigidly securedto the tiltingbox 54 which is normally stationary but may be adjusted todifferent nclinations, being ful crumed on the casing 23 by means oftrunnions 55 which are in line with the point where the of the pin 51intersects the axis of the shaft 22.

The tilting box 54' has two forks 56 extending from it in planesperpendicular to its axis of oscillation or adjustment formed by thetrunnions 55. The opposing membersof each fork constitute slideways' onwhich blocks 57 (Fig. may move in and out relatively to the forks. Theblocks 5-7 have round holes through which extend trunnions 58 projectedfrom a long piston 59. Each of these trunnions 58 also extends throughopenings in blocks or slides 60 guided to move vertically in suitableways 61 of the casing 23. This construction supports the long piston atits central portion and keeps it from being bent. This central portionhas a hole 62 into which is fitted a stud 63, with a slight play, sothat the stud may have a slight independent movement in said opening.Normally that is with the stud 63 in the neutral position or in thecenter of the a'toothed sector .66 mounted upon a horiturned by means ofa suitable crank or handle (not shown) applied to the free end ofthe'shaft. The upper and lower portions 68 of the piston 59 are tubularand are pro.- vided near the central portion with ports leading tochannels 69 which communicate with the interior of the casin 23 which,as will be understood, is filled with oil. Ad-

jacent to said ports are seats for valves 70 opening outwardly andpressed toward their seats by light springs 71 whose outer ends bearagainst aperturedholders or spiders 72 fitted within the bore of thepiston and carried by the inner ends of pins or stems 73. The outer endsof these stems are enlarged and screw-threaded as at 74 to fit into theouter ends of the tubular piston portions (38. The stud 63 has aflattened end portion, and on each side a pin member or valve lifter 7 5is interposed between the flat face of the stud 63 and the correspondingball valve TO. The lifter may engage the valve permanently, or a slightplay may be allowed. Each tubular piston portion 68 is fitted to slideup or downin a stationary cylinder 76 and held by means of three screws77 carried by a sleeve 78. Only one of these set screws appears in Fig.4. These sleeves screw into suitable sockets 79 of the casing 28, andthe outer ends of the cylinders are engaged by screw plugs 80 closingthe outer ends of the sleeves 78. This construction allows the parts to'be assembled and dismembered readily. The screws 77 hold each cylinder76 against the corresponding plug 80, but' they allow 'the other end ofthe cylinder, and

in fact the whole of the cylinder, some latitude of movement, sincethere is a clearance between the bottom (or top) of the annular grooveand the ends of the screws which project into said groove, and also aclearance between the cylinder and the inner wall of the sleeve 78. Thepurpose of this play is to insure freedom for the up and down movementofthe piston 59. 68 in the cylinders 76 without binding, while thesections 68 are closely fitted to these cylinders, no great nicety ofalinement of the parts being required. The space within each cylinder 76communicates with the space within the corresponding tubular pistonportion 68 by means of a duct 81 extending throu stem 73 and itsenlarged end 74. I

In order that the operation of the improved adjusting and locking devicemay be fully understood, we will first explain, with particularreferencev to Figs. 7 to 12, how

ter of pressure on the tilting box 54 and on the socket ring 45. Let ussuppose that the port 28 shown in these views at the right hand, is thehigh pressure of delivery port.

h the In the positions or phases illustrated -by Figs. 7 and 8 (and also9 and 12) four of the nine cylinders 32 of the rotary barrel 31 haxetheir ports 33 in communication with the said delivery or higlrpressureport 28 of the stationary valve plate 25. The other five cylinders areeither in communication wit-lithe suction or low-pressure port 27 on theother side of the valve plate, or elsercut off on the solid portions orlands at the topand at the bottom of the valve plate. Of course, the oilbeing driven out of the said. four cylinders exerts a back pressureagainst the respective pistons 43, and thence through the connectingrods 44, the socket ring, and the ball thrust bearing 46, 47, againstthe tilting box 545. This pressure would have no tendency to tilt thetilting box 54 on its trunnions if the center of pressure of the fourcylinders I, II, III and IV was in the horizontal plane passing throughthe axes of the two trunnions on which the tilting box 54 is mounted.But as matter of fact, thecenter of pressure of these cylinders wheninthe phase shown. in-

Fig. 7 is at the point G, which is below this horizontal plane. In Fig.1 this center of pressure may be indicated by the arrow G.

It will be seen that at this instant the tenden'cy is to tilt thetilting box from the position shown toward the position in which theplane of the ball thrust bearing would be at right angles to the axis ofthe shaft 22. It may be added that the location of the center ofpressure of cylinders I,'II, III and IV can be determined by drawing aline from the center of cylinder I to the center of cylinder II, andanother line from the centerof cylinder III to the center of cylinder IVand then connecting the central points of these two lines. The centralpoint of this last connecting line the true location of the point G, thecenter of pressureof these four cylinders.

In Fig, 8 the cylinders are shown in a difi'erent phase of the rotationas related to the valve plate port 28. Adopting the same method oflocating the center of pressure, we now find that it is at'H, which isabove the horizontal plane passing through the axes of the tilting boxtrunnions (seealso arrow H in Fig. 1). At this instant, and in factwhenever the center of. pressure is above the horizontal plane, thetendency is to tilt the tilting box away from its present position andmake vit occupy a position still fart-her removed from that in which theball thrust hearing would be in a plane at right angles to the shaft 22.\Vhile the cylinder barrel 31 is rotating the location of the center ofpressure is constantly changing. It will move from one side of thehorizontal plane to the other according to the phase of the cylinderports 33 in relation to the high pressure valve plate port 28. The cycleof the changes of position of the center of pressure is made as manytimes per revolution of the shaft as there are cylinders 32 in thecylinderbarrel 31. Thus it will be seen that if, for example, there arenine cylinders in the cylinder barrel there are in each revolution nineperiods during which the tendency is to tilt the tilting box toward therightangle position, and nine periods during which the tendency is totilt the tilting box away from the right angle position. The eifect ofturning the shaft 67 and the pinion 66 say in the left hand direction,as shown by the arrow in Fig. 4 is to move the rack (is! upward, take upthe clearance on the upper side of the stud 63, inove the pin 75, andthus raise the upper ball 70 from its seat. If the tendency toward anoscillating movement of the tilting box, as described above, is notimmediately effective, the stud 63 by bearing against the'upper wall ofthe 7 hole 62 in the piston 59 will move the piston upward, and thusthrough the medium of the t-runnions 58 and the blocks 57 will tilt thetiltingbox. The tendency of the tilting box to oscillate will assist thestud to move position, both balls are seated, and the piston sections 68 cannot move up or down in the cylinders 76 because the cylinders arefull of oil. Therefore the fork 56 of the tilting box 54:, the positionof which is de termined by the position of the piston, does" not allowthe tilting-box to tilt on its trunnions. but looks it rigidly in itsposition, whatever that position may-be. But when the control shaft 67and the pinion (it; are turned left hand, according to the abovesupposition, so that the rack 64 with its stud 63 moves upward and thepin 75 raises its ball 70 from its seat, then the oil in the uppercylinder 7 6 is, free to flow past the ball valve 70, thus allowing thepiston to move upward. This the piston has a tendency to do at theinstant v hen the'fork 56 ofthe tilting box 54 tends, on account of thelocation of the center of pressure forthat moment below the horizontalplane passing through the trunnions 55, to move upward.

The upward movement ofthe. piston eausing a slight vacuum in the lowercylinder 76 the oil of the pump case under atnios pheric pressuredepresses .the spring 71. supporting the lowerball 70 and allows oilfrom the case 23 to fiowvin to the lower cylinder 76. At the nextinstant the center of pressure being above the said horizontal plane,the fork 56 tends to move downward, but it cannot move the piston 59, 63downward for the lower: valve ball 70 now being seated prevents this.The operator is still turning the pinion 66 in the left hand directionand the stud. 63 is moving upward in the hole 62 in the piston 59 whilethe piston itself is being caused to goupward by the tendency of thetilting box 54 to oscillate, as just described. Thus the operator bringsabout a follow-up movement, keeping the upper ball 70 off its seat sothat the pressures in the machine can cause the piston 59, 68

to go upward. As just explained, they cannot causeitto go downward.Tliusthe operator is'able by very slight effort to utilize the forces,in the machine to do his work.

This work is done more quickly than hecould do 'it himself by manualeffort, and when the slight effort ,which he exerts ceases, the positionof the tilting box 54-b'e-- comes fixed, as. already shown, so that hethe tilting box where it is. I

If the operator should turn the control shaft (Wand pinion .66 in theright hand direction, it, is evident that the internal does notliavetoexert any effort in keeping forces of the machine will move thepiston downward, or will assist him to do so;

In Figs. 9,10, 11 and 12 we have illustrated the operation of thisinvention in connection with valve plate ports having small extensions34: of the characterfdescribed inLetters Patent No. 925,148. The

vertical line shown in each of these four .vicws divides the lowpressure side (say, on

the left) from the high pressure side (say, on the right.) These figuresalso differ from r 5 l igs. 7 and 8 by showing only the cylinder portsand not. the cylinders themselves. Fig. I

9 corresponds to Fig. 7, and illustrates a difl'ercnt method forlocating the center of pressure for the four cylinders whose'porti I,II. III, IV are (at this eta-gel in cornmunication with the delivery orhigh pressure port 28. A line is drawn connecting the centers of theports and IV, another line connects the centers of the portsII and III,the central points of these two lines are connected. and the centralpoint- A of this transverse line is the resultant center of pressurecorresponding to the point G of Figs. 1 and 7. If we suppose thecylinder barrel to be rotating clockwiseas indicated by the arrows. thecylinder ports will soon reach the position shown in Fig.10, where theport IX communicates with the valve plate port 28 while the latter isstill in communication with the cylinder ports I. II, III, and IV. Therewill then be five cylinders under pressure and the resultant center ofpressurewillbe shifted instantly from the point A inward along the line'coii'nccting A with the center of port IX, to the" As long as thesesame five ports point B.

'cmainin communication,with the high pressure port 28 (say up to andincluding the position Fig. 11) the center of pressure then repeated.

remains at the same point of. the rotating barrel and therefore moves inthe arc of a, circle, as indicated at BC. A still further rotation ofthe barrel 3I'Wlll bring the port IV over the land (at the bottom ofFig. 12) between the high pressure port 28 and the low pressure port 27,so that nowonly-the cylinder ports IX, I, II and III communicate withthe'high pressure port 28. The instant onlyfour cylinder ports are incommunication with the port 28, the i resultant center of pressure isshifted di-v agonally outward to a point D which is at the same distancefrom the axis or center 0 as the'poiut A. but above the horizontal lineindicating the horizontal plane passing through the'trunnions 55. Thisis the position shown in Fig. 12 -(which corresponds to F 8). EV afurther rotation the barrel 31 passes from the position shown in Fig. 12to one similar to that shown in Fig. 9. and during this stage the centerof pressure moves along thearc D,- A. The operation is Thus at eachrevolution of the barrel 31, the resultant center of pressurewill moveor shift nine times in the following path From the point A. (Fig. 9)diagonally inward and upward to the point B, 1 then downward. along theare B C then diagonally outward and upward to the point I) and finallydownward along the arc From the above it will be evident that g thetilting box 54 or any other structures containing the nine connectingrod sockets."

will have a tendency to oscillate if the tiltingibox is supported on anaxis parallel with the horizontal line shown in Figs. 9 to 12, for thereason that a part of the time the resultant center of pressure is abovethe line and a part of the time below. In actual practice, however, timebecomes a very important elenient. For example. when port IX enterscommunication with the high pressure port 2-8 the llquid cannot passthrough the restricted 03611111 34 forming 'the beginning of'acommunication (Fig. 10) I he rotating at the rate of 500 revolutions perminute, the port IX may be carried a distance'of 3 or 4, or possiblymore. before the full pressure can be brought to bear before thecylinder barrel has rotated a peri ceptible distance. For example.should this on, the piston corresponding to port IX.

The result will be that the center of pressure will not be shiftedinstantly from A to B. but will be carried downward farther than A.while at the'saine time it is being shifted toward IX as rapidly as IXcan be brought under high pressure. The result will be as indicated inFig. 13 wherein the pressure is indicated as shifted from A to B. allbeing below the horizontal line.

Furthermore when port IV passes'from the pressure and is on the blankspace at the operation of said structure is subjected to pulsations, apiston operatively connected with said part to vary its position,stationary cylinders in which the respective ends of the said piston aremovable, sleeves into which said cylinders are fitted loosely,

means for securing the outer portions of the cylinders to the sleeves insuch manner as to.

allow some relative play, an operating memoperationvot said structure issubjected to Correction in Letters PatentNo. 1,062,561.

pulsations, a piston operatively connected with said part to vary itsposition, stationary cylinders in which the respective ends of the saidpiston movable, sleeves into which the said cylinders are fittedloosely, means for securing the outer portions of the cylinders to-thesleeves in such a manner as to .allow some relative play, means forclosing theouter ends of the sleeves, an operat ing member movable relativelyto the piston, and'means, controlled by such movement of theoperating member, for opening an outlet from one stationary cylinder orthe. other.

7. In a mechanical structure, the combination of an adjustable partwhich during the I ofthe case in the Patent Qflice.

issued to Waterbury Tool Company, of Waterbury,

shown by the records of assignments in this Oflice;

Signed and sealed this 17th day of June, A..D., 1913.

operation of said structure is subject to pulsations, a piston whosecentralportion is operatively connected with said adjustable partto'vary its position, stationary cyl inders in which the respective endsof the plston are movable, means tor bracing and guiding the centralportion of the piston,

and mechanism for controlling the movement of the piston. I

8. In a mechanical structure, the combination of a pivotedv adjustablepart, a member movable transversely of the pivot of said vpart andoperatively. connected with said part to'vary its inclination, spacedguiding means engaging the ends ofsaidmember, separate means for guidingand bracing the central portion of said member, and mechanism forcontrollingcthe movement of said member.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwosubscribing witnesses. H

HARVEY I). W'ILLIAMS. REYNOLD JANNEY.

"Witnesses as to Harvey D. Williams:

F. IV. DELMAR, E. B. KEARNEY.

Witnesses as to ReynoldJ-anney It is hereby certifiedthat Letters PatentNo. 1,062,561, granted May 20, 1913, upon the application of Harvey D.Williams andReynold Janney, of New-York, N. Y., for an improvement inOscillation-Control Mechanism, was erroneously issued to the inventors,said Williams and J anney, whereas said Letters Patent shonld have beenConnecticut, fa corporation of Connecticut, said corporation being ownerof the entire interest in said invention as and thatthe said LettersPatent should be read with this correction therein, thatthe same mayconform to the records c, 'c., BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

operation of said structure is subjected to pulsations, a pistonoperatively connected with said part to vary its position, stationarycylinders in which the respective ends of the said piston are movable,sleeves into which said cylinders are fitted loosely,

means for securing the outer portions of the cylinders to the sleeves insuch manner as to.

allow some relative play, an operating memoperationvot said structure issubjected to Correction in Letters PatentNo. 1,062,561.

pulsations, a piston operatively connected with said part to vary itsposition, stationary cylinders in which the respective ends of the saidpiston movable, sleeves into which the said cylinders are fittedloosely, means for securing the outer portions of the cylinders to-thesleeves in such a manner as to .allow some relative play, means forclosing theouter ends of the sleeves, an operat ing member movable relativelyto the piston, and'means, controlled by such movement of theoperating member, for opening an outlet from one stationary cylinder orthe. other.

7. In a mechanical structure, the combination of an adjustable partwhich during the I ofthe case in the Patent Qflice.

issued to Waterbury Tool Company, of Waterbury,

shown by the records of assignments in this Oflice;

Signed and sealed this 17th day of June, A..D., 1913.

operation of said structure is subject to pulsations, a piston whosecentralportion is operatively connected with said adjustable partto'vary its position, stationary cyl inders in which the respective endsof the plston are movable, means tor bracing and guiding the centralportion of the piston,

and mechanism for controlling the movement of the piston. I

8. In a mechanical structure, the combination of a pivotedv adjustablepart, a member movable transversely of the pivot of said vpart andoperatively. connected with said part to'vary its inclination, spacedguiding means engaging the ends ofsaidmember, separate means for guidingand bracing the central portion of said member, and mechanism forcontrollingcthe movement of said member.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwosubscribing witnesses. H

HARVEY I). W'ILLIAMS. REYNOLD JANNEY.

"Witnesses as to Harvey D. Williams:

F. IV. DELMAR, E. B. KEARNEY.

Witnesses as to ReynoldJ-anney It is hereby certifiedthat Letters PatentNo. 1,062,561, granted May 20, 1913, upon the application of Harvey D.Williams andReynold Janney, of New-York, N. Y., for an improvement inOscillation-Control Mechanism, was erroneously issued to the inventors,said Williams and J anney, whereas said Letters Patent shonld have beenConnecticut, fa corporation of Connecticut, said corporation being ownerof the entire interest in said invention as and thatthe said LettersPatent should be read with this correction therein, thatthe same mayconform to the records c, 'c., BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

